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Si824x
CLASS D AUDIO DRIVER
Features

WI TH
P R E C I S I O N DEAD- TIME G E N E R A T O R
0.5 A peak output (Si8241) 4.0 A peak output (Si8244)

PWM input High-precision linear programmable dead-time generator 0.4 ns to 1 s High latchup immunity >100 V/ns Up to 1500 Vrms output-output isolation, supply voltage of 750 V
Input to output isolation for low noise (up to 2500 V) Up to 8 MHz operation Wide operating range -40 to +125 C Transient immunity >45 kV/s RoHS-compliant SOIC-16 narrow body
Applications
Class D audio amplifiers
Ordering Information: See page 25.
Description
Pin Assignments
The Si824x isolated driver family combines two isolated drivers in a single package. The Si8241/44 are high-side/low-side drivers specifically targeted at high-power (>30 W) audio applications. Versions with peak output currents of 0.5 A (Si8241) and 4.0 A (Si8244) are available. All drivers operate with a maximum supply voltage of 24 V. Based on Silicon Labs' proprietary isolation technology, the Si824x audio drivers incorporate input-to-output and output-to-output isolation, which enables leveltranslation of signals without additional external circuits as well as use of bipolar supply voltage up to 750 V. The Si824x audio drivers feature an integrated deadtime generator that provides highly precise control for achieving optimal THD. These products also have overlap protection that safeguards against shootthrough current damage. The CMOS-based design also provides robust immunity from latch-up and high-voltage transients. The extremely low propagation delays enable faster modulation frequencies for an enhanced audio experience. The TTL level compatible inputs with >400 mV hysteresis are available in PWM input configuration; other options include UVLO levels of 8 V or 10 V. These products are available in narrow body SOIC packages.
SOIC-16 (Narrow)
PWM NC VDDI GNDI DISABLE DT NC VDDI
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13
VDDA VOA GNDA NC NC VDDB VOB GNDB
Si8241/44
12 11 10 9
Functional Block Diagram
PWM
Patents Pending
VDDA
Isolation
DT
VOA GNDA
VDDI
UVLO
Programmable Dead Time, Control Gating VDDB
DISABLE
Isolation
VOB GNDB
GNDI
Si8241/44
Rev. 0.2 2/11 Copyright (c) 2011 by Silicon Laboratories Si824x
This information applies to a product under development. Its characteristics and specifications are subject to change without notice.
Si824x
2
Rev. 0.2
Si824x TABLE O F CONTENTS
Section Page
1. Top-Level Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2. Electrical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2.1. Test Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 3. Functional Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 3.1. Typical Performance Characteristics (0.5 Amp) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3.2. Typical Performance Characteristics (4.0 Amp) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3. Family Overview and Logic Operation During Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 3.4. Power Supply Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.5. Power Dissipation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 3.6. Layout Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.7. Undervoltage Lockout Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 3.8. Programmable Dead Time and Overlap Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 4. Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 4.1. Class D Digital Audio Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 5. Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 6. Ordering Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 7. Package Outline: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8. Land Pattern: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9. Top Marking: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Document Change List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Contact Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
Rev. 0.2
3
Si824x
1. Top-Level Block Diagram
VDDI PWM LPWM ISOLATION VDDA
VOA UVLO GNDA
DT VDDI VDDI UVLO
DT CONTROL & OVERLAP PROTECTION
VDDI VDDB ISOLATION
VOB UVLO GNDB
DISABLE
LPWM
GNDI
Si8241/44
Figure 1. Si8241/44 Single-Input High-Side/Low-Side Isolated Drivers
4
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
2. Electrical Specifications
Table 1. Electrical Characteristics1
4.5 V < VDDI < 5.5 V, VDDA = VDDB = 12 V or 15 V. TA = -40 to +125 C. Typical specs at 25 C
Parameter DC Specifications Input-Side Power Supply Voltage Driver Supply Voltage Input Supply Quiescent Current Output Supply Quiescent Current Input Supply Active Current Output Supply Active Current Input Pin Leakage Current Input Pin Leakage Current Logic High Input Threshold Logic Low Input Threshold Input Hysteresis Logic High Output Voltage Logic Low Output Voltage Output Short-Circuit Pulsed Sink Current Output Short-Circuit Pulsed Source Current Output Sink Resistance
Symbol
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
VDDI Voltage between VDDA and VDDA, VDDB GNDA, and VDDB and GNDB (See "6. Ordering Guide" ) IDDI(Q) IDDA(Q), IDDB(Q) IDDI IDDO IPWM IDISABLE VIH VIL VIHYST VOAH, VOBH VOAL, VOBL IOA(SCL), IOB(SCL) IOA(SCH), IOB(SCH) RON(SINK) IOA, IOB = -1 mA IOA, IOB = 1 mA Si8241, Figure 2 Si8244, Figure 2 Si8241, Figure 3 Si8244, Figure 3 Si8241 Si8244 Si8241 Si8241/44 Current per channel PWM freq = 500 kHz PWM freq = 500 kHz
4.5
--
5.5
V
6.5
--
24
V
-- -- -- -- -10 -10 2.0 -- 400 (VDDA /VDDB) -- 0.04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
2 -- 2.5 3.6 -- -- -- -- 450 -- -- 0.5 4.0 0.25 2.0 5.0 1.0 15 2.7
3 3.0 -- -- +10 +10 -- 0.8 -- -- 0.04 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
mA mA mA mA A dc A dc V V mV V V A A A A
Output Source Resistance
RON(SOURCE)
Si8244
Notes: 1. VDDA = VDDB = 12 V for 8 V UVLO and 10 V UVLO devices. 2. The largest RDT resistor that can be used is 220 k.
Rev. 0.2
5
Si824x
Table 1. Electrical Characteristics1 (Continued)
4.5 V < VDDI < 5.5 V, VDDA = VDDB = 12 V or 15 V. TA = -40 to +125 C. Typical specs at 25 C
Parameter VDDI Undervoltage Threshold VDDI Undervoltage Threshold VDDI Lockout Hysteresis VDDA, VDDB Undervoltage Threshold 8 V Threshold 10 V Threshold VDDA, VDDB Undervoltage Threshold 8 V Threshold 10 V Threshold VDDA, VDDB Lockout Hysteresis VDDA, VDDB Lockout Hysteresis AC Specifications
Symbol VDDIUV+ VDDIUV- VDDIHYS VDDAUV+, VDDBUV+
Test Conditions VDDI rising VDDI falling
Min 3.60 3.30 --
Typ 4.0 3.70 250
Max 4.45 4.15 --
Units V V mV
VDDA, VDDB rising See Figure 34 on page 21. See Figure 35 on page 21. 7.50 9.60 8.60 11.1 9.40 12.2 V V
VDDAUV-, VDDBUV-
VDDA, VDDB falling See Figure 34 on page 21. See Figure 35 on page 21. 7.20 9.40 -- -- 8.10 10.1 600 1000 8.70 10.9 -- -- V V mV mV
VDDAHYS, VDDBHYS VDDAHYS, VDDBHYS
UVLO voltage = 8 V UVLO voltage = 10 V
Minimum Pulse Width
Propagation Delay tPHL, tPLH CL = 1 nF
--
--
10
25
--
60 5.60 1000 20 12 60 60 7 --
ns
ns
Pulse Width Distortion |tPLH - tPHL|
Programmed Dead Time2 Output Rise and Fall Time Shutdown Time from Disable True Restart Time from Disable False Device Start-up Time Common Mode Transient Immunity
PWD
DT tR,tF tSD tRESTART tSTART CMTI Time from VDD_ = VDD_UV+ to VOA, VOB = VIA, VIB VIA, VIB, PWM = VDDI or 0 V See Figures 36 and 37 CL = 1 nF (Si8241) CL = 1 nF (Si8244)
--
0.4 -- -- -- -- -- 25
1.0
-- -- -- -- -- 5 45
ns
ns ns ns ns ns s kV/s
Notes: 1. VDDA = VDDB = 12 V for 8 V UVLO and 10 V UVLO devices. 2. The largest RDT resistor that can be used is 220 k.
6
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
2.1. Test Circuits
Figures 2 and 3 depict sink current and source current test circuits.
VDDA = VDDB = 15 V VDDI (5 V) INPUT
IN_ VDD Si824x OUT_ SCHOTTKY VSS 1 F 100 F 5V 10
+ _
Measure 50 ns
1 F CER
10 F EL RSNS 0.1
VDDI GND
200 ns
INPUT WAVEFORM
Figure 2. Sink Current Test Circuit
VDDA = VDDB = 15 V VDDI (5 V) INPUT
IN_ VDD Si824x OUT_ SCHOTTKY VSS 1 F 100 F 5V 10
+ _
Measure 50 ns
1 F CER
10 F EL RSNS 0.1
VDDI GND
200 ns
INPUT WAVEFORM
Figure 3. Source Current Test Circuit
Rev. 0.2
7
Si824x
Table 2. Absolute Maximum Ratings1
Parameter Storage Temperature2 Symbol TSTG TA VDDI VDDA, VDDB VIN IO Min -65 -40 -0.6 -0.6 -0.5 -- -- -- -- -- Typ -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Max +150 +125 6.0 30 VDD + 0.5 10 260 100 2500 1500 Units C C V V V mA C V/ns VRMS VRMS
Ambient Temperature under Bias Input-side Supply Voltage Driver-side Supply Voltage Voltage on any Pin with respect to Ground Output Drive Current per Channel Lead Solder Temperature (10 sec) Latchup Immunity3 Maximum Isolation (Input to Output) Maximum Isolation (Output to Output)
Notes: 1. Permanent device damage may occur if the absolute maximum ratings are exceeded. Functional operation should be restricted to the conditions as specified in the operational sections of this data sheet. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2. VDE certifies storage temperature from -40 to 150 C. 3. Latchup immunity specification is for slew rate applied across GNDI and GNDA or GNDB.
Table 3. Regulatory Information*
CSA The Si824x is certified under CSA Component Acceptance Notice 5A. For more details, see File 232873. 61010-1: Up to 300 VRMS reinforced insulation working voltage; up to 600 VRMS basic insulation working voltage. 60950-1: Up to 300 VRMS reinforced insulation working voltage; up to 600 VRMS basic insulation working voltage. VDE The Si824x is certified according to IEC 60747-5-2. For more details, see File 5006301-4880-0001. 60747-5-2: Up to 560 Vpeak for basic insulation working voltage. UL The Si824x is certified under UL1577 component recognition program. For more details, see File E257455. Rated up to 2500 VRMS isolation voltage for basic protection.
*Note: Regulatory Certifications apply to 2.5 kVRMS rated devices, which are production tested to 3.0 kVRMS for 1 sec. For more information, see "6.Ordering Guide" on page 25.
8
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
Table 4. Insulation and Safety-Related Specifications
Value Parameter Symbol Test Condition NBSOIC-16 2.5 kVRMS 4.01 4.01 0.011 PTI ED RIO CIO CI f = 1 MHz IEC60112 600 0.019 1012 1.4 4.0 Unit
Nominal Air Gap (Clearance)1 Nominal External Tracking (Creepage)1 Minimum Internal Gap (Internal Clearance) Tracking Resistance (Proof Tracking Index) Erosion Depth Resistance (Input-Output)2 Capacitance (Input-Output)2 Input Capacitance3
L(1O1) L(1O2)
mm mm mm V mm pF pF
Notes: 1. The values in this table correspond to the nominal creepage and clearance values as detailed in "7. Package Outline: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC" . VDE certifies the clearance and creepage limits as 4.7 mm minimum for the NB SOIC-16. UL does not impose a clearance and creepage minimum for component level certifications. CSA certifies the clearance and creepage limits as 3.9 mm minimum for the NB SOIC 16. 2. To determine resistance and capacitance, the Si824x is converted into a 2-terminal device. Pins 1-8 are shorted together to form the first terminal and pins 9-16 are shorted together to form the second terminal. The parameters are then measured between these two terminals. 3. Measured from input pin to ground.
Table 5. IEC 60664-1 (VDE 0884 Part 2) Ratings
Parameter Basic Isolation Group Material Group Rated Mains Voltages < 150 VRMS Installation Classification Rated Mains Voltages < 300 VRMS Rated Mains Voltages < 400 VRMS Rated Mains Voltages < 600 VRMS Test Conditions Specification NB SOIC-16 I I-IV I-III I-II I-II
Rev. 0.2
9
Si824x
Table 6. IEC 60747-5-2 Insulation Characteristics*
Parameter Maximum Working Insulation Voltage Symbol VIORM Method b1 (VIORM x 1.875 = VPR, 100% Production Test, tm = 1 sec, Partial Discharge < 5 pC) t = 60 sec Test Condition Characteristic NB SOIC-16 560 Unit V peak
Input to Output Test Voltage
VPR
1050
V peak
Transient Overvoltage Pollution Degree (DIN VDE 0110, Table 1) Insulation Resistance at TS, VIO = 500 V
VIOTM
4000 2
V peak
RS
>109
*Note: Maintenance of the safety data is ensured by protective circuits. The Si824x provides a climate classification of 40/125/21.
Table 7. IEC Safety Limiting Values1
Parameter Case Temperature Symbol TS JA = 105 C/W (NB SOIC-16), VDDI = 5.5 V, VDDA = VDDB= 24 V, TJ = 150 C, TA = 25 C Test Condition NB SOIC-16 150 Unit C
Safety Input Current Device Power Dissipation2
IS
50
mA
PD
1.2
W
Notes: 1. Maximum value allowed in the event of a failure. Refer to the thermal derating curve in Figure 4. 2. The Si82xx is tested with VDDI = 5.5 V, VDDA = VDDB = 24 V, TJ = 150 C, CL = 100 pF, input 2 MHz 50% duty cycle square wave.
10
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
Table 8. Thermal Characteristics
Parameter IC Junction-to-Air Thermal Resistance Symbol JA NB SOIC-16 105 Unit C/W
Safety-Limiting Current (mA)
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 50 100 150 Case Temperature (C) 200
VDDI = 5.5 V VDDA, VDDB = 24 V
Figure 4. NB SOIC-16, Thermal Derating Curve, Dependence of Safety Limiting Values with Case Temperature per DIN EN 60747-5-2
Rev. 0.2
11
Si824x
3. Functional Description
The operation of an Si824x channel is analogous to that of an opto coupler and gate driver, except an RF carrier is modulated instead of light. This simple architecture provides a robust isolated data path and requires no special considerations or initialization at start-up. A simplified block diagram for a single Si824x channel is shown in Figure 5.
Transmitter
RF Oscillator
Receiver
Driver VDD
A
Dead Time Generator
Modulator
SemiconductorBased Isolation Barrier
Demodulator
0.5 to 4 A peak
B
Gnd
Figure 5. Simplified Channel Diagram
A channel consists of an RF Transmitter and RF Receiver separated by a semiconductor-based isolation barrier. Referring to the Transmitter, input A modulates the carrier provided by an RF oscillator using on/off keying. The Receiver contains a demodulator that decodes the input state according to its RF energy content and applies the result to output B via the output driver. This RF on/off keying scheme is superior to pulse code schemes as it provides best-in-class noise immunity, low power consumption, and better immunity to magnetic fields. See Figure 6 for more details.
Input Signal
Modulation Signal
Output Signal
Figure 6. Modulation Scheme
12
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
3.1. Typical Performance Characteristics (0.5 Amp)
The typical performance characteristics depicted in Figures 7 through 18 are for information purposes only. Refer to Table 1 on page 5 for actual specification limits.
10
VDDA Supply Current (mA)
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 14 19 24 VDDA Supply Voltage (V) 50 kHz Duty Cycle = 50% CL = 100 pF 1 Channel Switching 1MHz 500kHz 100kHz
8 Rise/Fall Time (ns) Tfall 6 4 2 0 9 12 15 18 21 24 VDDA Supply (V) Trise
VDD=12V, 25C CL = 100 pF
Figure 7. Rise/Fall Time vs. Supply Voltage
30
Figure 10. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
5 Supply Current (mA) 4 3 2 1 -50
21 24
Propagation Delay (ns)
25 H-L 20 L-H 15 VDD=12V, 25C CL = 100 pF 10 9 12 15 18 VDDA Supply (V)
VDDA = 15V, f = 250kHz, CL = 0 pF Duty Cycle = 50% 2 Channels Switching
0
50 Temperature (C)
100
Figure 8. Propagation Delay vs. Supply Voltage
Figure 11. Supply Current vs. Temperature
40
4 VDDA Supply Current (mA) 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 50 kHz 1 9 14 19 24 VDDA Supply Voltage (V) 500kHz 100kHz
Rise/Fall Time (ns)
35
Duty Cycle = 50% CL = 0 pF 1 Channel Switching
30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0.0 0.5
Trise
1MHz
Tfall
VDD=12V, 25C 1.0 Load (nF) 1.5 2.0
Figure 9. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
Figure 12. Rise/Fall Time vs. Load
Rev. 0.2
13
Si824x
50 45
4 3.75 Source Current (A) 3.5 3.25 3 2.75 2.5 2.25 VDD=12V, Vout=VDD-5V 10 15 20 25
Propagation Delay (ns)
40 35 30 25
20 15 10 0.0 0.5 VDD=12V, 25C 1.0 Load (nF) 1.5 2.0
L-H H-L
2 Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 13. Propagation Delay vs. Load
30
Figure 16. Output Source Current vs. Supply Voltage
7 6.75 6.5 6.25 6 5.75 5.5 5.25 5 4.75 4.5 4.25 4 -40
Propagation Delay (ns)
25
L-H 20
Sink Current (A)
H-L
15 VDD=12V, Load = 200pF -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
10
VDD=12V, Vout=5V -10 20 50 80 110
Temperature (C)
Figure 14. Propagation Delay vs. Temperature
9
3.5
Temperature (C)
Figure 17. Output Sink Current vs. Temperature
8
Sink Current (A)
3.25 Source Current (A) 3 2.75 2.5 2.25
7 6 5 VDD=12V, Vout=5V 4 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Supply Voltage (V)
2 -40
VDD=12V, Vout=VDD-5V -10 20 50 80 110
Figure 15. Output Sink Current vs. Supply Voltage
Temperature (C)
Figure 18. Output Source Current vs. Temperature
14
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
3.2. Typical Performance Characteristics (4.0 Amp)
The typical performance characteristics depicted in Figures 19 through 30 are for information purposes only. Refer to Table 1 on page 5 for actual specification limits.
10
VDDA Supply Current (mA) 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 9 14 19 24 VDDA Supply Voltage (V) 100kHz 50 kHz 500kHz
8
Rise/Fall Time (ns)
Tfall 6 Trise 4 2 0 9 12 15 18 21 24 VDDA Supply (V)
Duty Cycle = 50% CL = 100 pF 1 Channel Switching
1MHz
VDD=12V, 25C CL = 100 pF
Figure 22. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
10 Supply Current (mA) 8 6 4 2 0 -50 0 50 Temperature (C) 100 VDDA = 15V, f = 250kHz, CL = 0 pF Duty Cycle = 50% 2 Channels Switching
Figure 19. Rise/Fall Time vs. Supply Voltage
30
Propagation Delay (ns)
25 L-H 20 H-L 15 VDD=12V, 25C CL = 100 pF 10 9 12 15 18 21 24 VDDA Supply (V)
Figure 23. Supply Current vs. Temperature
40 35 Rise/Fall Time (ns) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 VDD=12V, 25C 0
100kHz 50 kHz
Trise
Figure 20. Propagation Delay vs. Supply Voltage
Tfall
VDDA Supply Current (mA)
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 9
Duty Cycle = 50% CL = 0 pF 1 Channel Switching
1MHz
500kHz
1
2
3
4
5 Load (nF)
6
7
8
9
10
Figure 24. Rise/Fall Time vs. Load
24
14
19
VDDA Supply Voltage (V)
Figure 21. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage
Rev. 0.2
15
Si824x
50 45 Propagation Delay (ns) 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 0 1 2 3 4 VDD=12V, 25C 5 Load (nF) 6 7 8 9 10 L-H H-L
Source Current (A)
4 3.75 3.5 3.25 3 2.75 2.5 2.25 2 10 15 20 25 Supply Voltage (V) VDD=12V, Vout=VDD-5V
Figure 25. Propagation Delay vs. Load
30
Figure 28. Output Source Current vs. Supply Voltage
7 6.75 6.5 6.25 6 5.75 5.5 5.25 5 4.75 4.5 4.25 4 -40
Propagation Delay (ns)
25
H-L L-H
Sink Current (A)
20
15 VDD=12V, Load = 200pF -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120
10
VDD=12V, Vout=5V -10 20 50 80 110
Temperature (C)
Temperature (C)
Figure 26. Propagation Delay vs. Temperature
9 8
Sink Current (A)
Figure 29. Output Sink Current vs. Temperature
3.5 3.25 Source Current (A) 3 2.75 2.5 2.25
7 6 5 VDD=12V, Vout=5V 4 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 Supply Voltage (V)
2 -40
VDD=12V, Vout=VDD-5V -10 20 50 80 110
Temperature (C)
Figure 27. Output Sink Current vs. Supply Voltage
Figure 30. Output Source Current vs. Temperature
16
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
3.3. Family Overview and Logic Operation During Startup
The Si824x family of isolated drivers consists of high-side, low-side, and dual driver configurations. 3.3.1. Products Table 9 shows the configuration and functional overview for each product in this family.
Table 9. Si824x Family Overview
Part Number Si8241 Si8244 Configuration High-Side/Low-Side High-Side/Low-Side UVLO Voltage 8 V/10 V 8 V/10 V Programmable Dead Time Inputs PWM PWM Peak Output Current (A) 0.5 4.0
3.3.2. Device Behavior Table 10 contains truth tables for the Si8241/4 families.
Table 10. Si824x Family Truth Table*
Si8241/4 (PWM Input High-Side/Low-Side) Truth Table PWM Input H L X X VDDI State Disable Powered Powered Unpowered Powered L L X H Output VOA H L L L VOB L H L L Notes Output transition occurs after internal dead time expires. Output transition occurs after internal dead time expires. Output returns to input state within 7 s of VDDI power restoration. Device is disabled.
*Note: This truth table assumes VDDA and VDDB are powered. If VDDA and VDDB are below UVLO, see "3.7.2.Undervoltage Lockout" on page 20 for more information.
Rev. 0.2
17
Si824x
3.4. Power Supply Connections
Isolation requirements mandate individual supplies for VDDI, VDDA, and VDDB. The decoupling caps for these supplies must be placed as close to the VDD and GND pins of the Si824x as possible. The optimum values for these capacitors depend on load current and the distance between the chip and the regulator that powers it. Low effective series resistance (ESR) capacitors, such as Tantalum, are recommended.
3.5. Power Dissipation Considerations
Proper system design must assure that the Si824x operates within safe thermal limits across the entire load range. The Si824x total power dissipation is the sum of the power dissipated by bias supply current, internal switching losses, and power delivered to the load. Equation 1 shows total Si824x power dissipation. In a non-overlapping system, such as a high-side/low-side driver, n = 1.
P D = V DDI I DDI + 2 V DDO I QOUT + C int V DDO F + 2n C L V DDO F where: P D is the total Si824x device power dissipation (W) I DDI is the input-side maximum bias current (3 mA) I QOUT is the driver die maximum bias current (2.5 mA) C int is the internal parasitic capacitance (75 pF for the 0.5 A driver and 370 pF for the 4.0 A driver) V DDI is the input-side VDD supply voltage (4.5 to 5.5 V) V DDO is the driver-side supply voltage (10 to 24 V) F is the switching frequency (Hz) n is the overlap constant (max value = 2)
2 2
Equation 1. The maximum power dissipation allowable for the Si824x is a function of the package thermal resistance, ambient temperature, and maximum allowable junction temperature, as shown in Equation 2:
T jmax - T A P Dmax --------------------------ja where: P Dmax = Maximum Si824x power dissipation (W) T jmax = Si824x maximum junction temperature (150 C) T A = Ambient temperature (C) ja = Si824x junction-to-air thermal resistance (105 C/W) F = Si824x switching frequency (Hz)
Equation 2. Substituting values for PDmax Tjmax, TA, and ja into Equation 2 results in a maximum allowable total power dissipation of 1.19 W. Maximum allowable load is found by substituting this limit and the appropriate datasheet values from Table 1 on page 5 into Equation 1 and simplifying. The result is Equation 3 (0.5 A driver) and Equation 4 (4.0 A driver), both of which assume VDDI = 5 V and VDDA = VDDB = 18 V.
1.4 10 - 11 C L(MAX) = ------------------------- - 7.5 10 F
-3
Equation 3.
1.4 10 - 10 C L(MAX) = ------------------------- - 3.7 10 F
-3
Equation 4.
18
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
Equation 1 and Equation 2 are graphed in Figure 31 where the points along the load line represent the package dissipation-limited value of CL for the corresponding switching frequency.
1 6 ,0 0 0
1 4 ,0 0 0
0 .5 A D r i ve r ( p F ) 4 A D r i ve r ( p F )
1 2 ,0 0 0
1 0 ,0 0 0
Max Load (pF)
8 ,0 0 0
Ta = 25 C
6 ,0 0 0 4 ,0 0 0
2 ,0 0 0
0 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700
F re q u e n c y (K h z )
Figure 31. Max Load vs. Switching Frequency
20
VDDA Supply Current (mA)
15
CL = 1000pF
10
CL = 500pF
CL = 200pF VDD=15V, 25C
5
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
Switching Frequency (kHz)
Figure 32. Switching Frequency vs. Load Current
Rev. 0.2
19
Si824x
3.6. Layout Considerations
It is most important to minimize ringing in the drive path and noise on the Si824x VDD lines. Care must be taken to minimize parasitic inductance in these paths by locating the Si824x as close to the device it is driving as possible. In addition, the VDD supply and ground trace paths must be kept short. For this reason, the use of power and ground planes is highly recommended. A split ground plane system having separate ground and VDD planes for power devices and small signal components provides the best overall noise performance.
3.7. Undervoltage Lockout Operation
Device behavior during start-up, normal operation and shutdown is shown in Figure 33, where UVLO+ and UVLOare the positive-going and negative-going thresholds respectively. Note that outputs VOA and VOB default low when input side power supply (VDDI) is not present. 3.7.1. Device Startup Outputs VOA and VOB are held low during power-up until VDD is above the UVLO threshold for time period tSTART. Following this, the outputs follow the states of inputs VIA and VIB. 3.7.2. Undervoltage Lockout Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) is provided to prevent erroneous operation during device startup and shutdown or when VDD is below its specified operating circuits range. The input (control) side, Driver A and Driver B, each have their own undervoltage lockout monitors. The Si824x input side enters UVLO when VDDI < VDDIUV-, and exits UVLO when VDDI > VDDIUV+. The driver outputs, VOA and VOB, remain low when the input side of the Si824x is in UVLO and their respective VDD supply (VDDA, VDDB) is within tolerance. Each driver output can enter or exit UVLO independently. For example, VOA unconditionally enters UVLO when VDDA falls below VDDAUV- and exits UVLO when VDDA rises above VDDAUV+.
UVLO+ UVLO-
VDD HYS
VDDI
UVLO+ UVLO-
VDD HYS
VDDA
PW M
DISABLE
tSTART tSD tSTART tSTART tSD tRESTART tPHL tPLH
VOA
Figure 33. Device Behavior during Normal Operation and Shutdown
20
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
3.7.3. Undervoltage Lockout (UVLO) The UVLO circuit unconditionally drives VO low when VDD is below the lockout threshold. Referring to Figures 34 and 35, upon power up, the Si824x is maintained in UVLO until VDD rises above VDDUV+. During power down, the Si824x enters UVLO when VDD falls below the UVLO threshold plus hysteresis (i.e., VDD < VDDUV+ - VDDHYS).
V DDUV+ (Typ)
V DDUV+ (Typ)
Output Voltage (VO) 10.5
Output Voltage (VO) 10.5
8.5 9.0
6.0
6.5
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5 10.0
9.5
10.0 10.5 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5
Supply Voltage (V DD - V SS) (V)
Supply Voltage (V DD - V SS) (V)
Figure 34. Si824x UVLO Response (8 V)
3.7.4. Control Inputs
Figure 35. Si824x UVLO Response (10 V)
PWM inputs are high-true, TTL level-compatible logic inputs. VOA is high and VOB is low when the PWM input is high, and VOA is low and VOB is high when the PWM input is low. 3.7.5. Disable Input When brought high, the DISABLE input unconditionally drives VOA and VOB low regardless of the states of input. Device operation terminates within tSD after DISABLE = VIH and resumes within tRESTART after DISABLE = VIL. The DISABLE input has no effect if VDDI is below its UVLO level (i.e. VOA, VOB remain low). The DISABLE input is typically connected to external protection circuitry to unconditionally halt driver operation in the event of a fault.
Rev. 0.2
21
Si824x
3.8. Programmable Dead Time and Overlap Protection
All high-side/low-side drivers (Si8241/4) include programmable overlap protection to prevent outputs VOA and VOB from being high at the same time. These devices also include programmable dead time, which adds a userprogrammable delay between transitions of VOA and VOB. When enabled, dead time is present on all transitions, even after overlap recovery. The amount of dead time delay (DT) is programmed by a single resistor (RDT) connected from the DT input to ground per Equation 5. Minimum dead time (approximately 400 ps) can be achieved by connecting the DT pin to VDDI. Note that dead time accuracy is limited by the resistor's (RDT) tolerance and temperature coefficient. See Figures 36 and 37 for additional information about dead time operation.
DT 10 RDT where: DT = dead time (ns) and RDT = dead time programming resistor (k
Equation 5.
1000
900 800
Dead-time (ns)
700
600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 Dead-time Resistance (k:) :
Figure 36. Dead Time vs.Resistance (RDT)
100 90
RDT = 10k
80 Dead-time (ns) 70 60
50
RDT = 6k
RDT = 5k RDT = 4k
40 30 20
10 0 -40 -20 0 20 40
RDT = 3k
RDT = 2k RDT = 1k RDT = 0
60
80
100
120
Temperature (C)
Figure 37. Dead Time vs.Temperature
22
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
4. Applications
The following examples illustrate typical circuit configurations using the Si824x.
4.1. Class D Digital Audio Driver
Figures 38 and 39 show the Si8241/4 controlled by a single PWM signal. Supply can be unipolar (0 to 1500 V) or bipolar ( 750 V).
VDDI VDDI
C1 1uF
VDD2
C2 1 F
D1
1500 V max GNDI VDDA
CB
PWMOUT
PWM
VOA
Q1
DT
GNDA
CONTROLLER
RDT
Si8241/4
VDDB VDDB
C3 10uF
I/O
DISABLE GNDB
VOB
Q2
Figure 38. Si824x in Half-Bridge Audio Application
VDDI VDDI
C1 1uF
VDD2
C2 1 F
D1
+750 V max GNDI VDDA
CB
PWMOUT
PWM
VOA
Q1
DT
GNDA
CONTROLLER
RDT
Si8241/4
VDDB VDDB
C3 10uF
I/O
DISABLE GNDB
VOB
Q2
-750 V max
Figure 39. Si824x in Half-Bridge Audio Application
D1 and CB form a conventional bootstrap circuit that allows VOA to operate as a high-side driver for Q1, which has a maximum drain voltage of 1500 V. VOB is connected as a conventional low-side driver. Note that the input side of the Si824x requires VDD in the range of 4.5 to 5.5 V, while the VDDA and VDDB output side supplies must be between 6.5 and 24 V with respect to their respective grounds. The boot-strap start up time will depend on the CB cap chosen. VDD2 is usually the same as VDDB. Also note that the bypass capacitors on the Si824x should be located as close to the chip as possible. Moreover, it is recommended that 0.1 and 10 F bypass capacitors be used to reduce high frequency noise and maximize performance. The D1 diode should be a fast-recovery diode; it should be able to withstand the maximum high voltage (e.g. 1500 V) and be low-loss. See "AN486: High-Side Bootstrap Design Using Si823x ISODrivers in Power Delivery Systems" for more details in selecting the bootstrap cap (CB) and diode (D1).
Rev. 0.2
23
Si824x
5. Pin Descriptions
SOIC-16 (Narrow)
PWM NC VDDI GNDI DISABLE DT NC VDDI
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 15 14 13
VDDA VOA GNDA NC NC VDDB VOB GNDB
Si8241/44
12 11 10 9
Table 11. Si8241/44 PWM Input HS/LS Isolated Driver (SOIC-16)
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 Name PWM NC VDDI GNDI PWM input. No connection. Input-side power supply terminal; connect to a source of 4.5 to 5.5 V. Input-side ground terminal. Description
DISABLE Device Disable. When high, this input unconditionally drives outputs VOA, VOB LOW. It is strongly recommended that this input be connected to external logic level to avoid erroneous operation due to capacitive noise coupling. DT Dead time programming input. The value of the resistor connected from DT to ground sets the dead time between output transitions of VOA and VOB. Defaults to 1 ns dead time when connected to VDDI or left open (see "3.8.Programmable Dead Time and Overlap Protection" on page 22). No connection. Input-side power supply terminal; connect to a source of 4.5 to 5.5 V. Ground terminal for Driver B. Driver B output (low-side driver). Driver B power supply voltage terminal; connect to a source of 6.5 to 24 V. No connection. No connection. Ground terminal for Driver A. Driver A output (high-side driver). Driver A power supply voltage terminal; connect to a source of 6.5 to 24 V.
6
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
NC VDDI GNDB VOB VDDB NC NC GNDA VOA VDDA
24
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
6. Ordering Guide
The currently available OPNs are listed in Table 12.
Table 12. Ordering Part Numbers
Isolation Rating (Input to Output)
Ordering Part Number (OPN)
Input Type
Package
Drive Strength
Output
UVLO Voltage
Si8241BB-B-IS1 Si8241CB-B-IS1 Si8244BB-C-IS1 SI8244CB-C-IS1
PWM PWM PWM PWM
NB SOIC-16 0.5 A NB SOIC-16 High-Side/Low-Side NB SOIC-16 4A NB SOIC-16
8V 10 V 2.5 kVrms 8V 10 V
Note: All packages are RoHS-compliant. Moisture sensitivity level is MSL3 for narrow-body SOIC-16 packages with peak reflow temperatures of 260 C according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications and peak solder temperatures. Tape and reel options are specified by adding an "R" suffix to the ordering part number.
Rev. 0.2
25
Si824x
7. Package Outline: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC
Figure 40 illustrates the package details for the Si824x in a 16-pin narrow-body SOIC (SO-16). Table 13 lists the values for the dimensions shown in the illustration.
Figure 40. 16-pin Small Outline Integrated Circuit (SOIC) Package Table 13. Package Diagram Dimensions
Dimension A A1 A2 b c D E E1 e Min -- 0.10 1.25 0.31 0.17 9.90 BSC 6.00 BSC 3.90 BSC 1.27 BSC Max 1.75 0.25 -- 0.51 0.25 Dimension L L2 h aaa bbb ccc ddd 0.25 0 0.10 0.20 0.10 0.25 Min 0.40 0.25 BSC 0.50 8 Max 1.27
Notes: 1. All dimensions shown are in millimeters (mm) unless otherwise noted. 2. Dimensioning and Tolerancing per ANSI Y14.5M-1994. 3. This drawing conforms to the JEDEC Solid State Outline MS-012, Variation AC. 4. Recommended card reflow profile is per the JEDEC/IPC J-STD-020 specification for Small Body Components.
26
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
8. Land Pattern: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC
Figure 41 illustrates the recommended land pattern details for the Si824x in a 16-pin narrow-body SOIC. Table 14 lists the values for the dimensions shown in the illustration.
Figure 41. 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC PCB Land Pattern Table 14. 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC Land Pattern Dimensions
Dimension C1 E X1 Y1 Feature Pad Column Spacing Pad Row Pitch Pad Width Pad Length (mm) 5.40 1.27 0.60 1.55
Notes: 1. This Land Pattern Design is based on IPC-7351 pattern SOIC127P600X165-16N for Density Level B (Median Land Protrusion). 2. All feature sizes shown are at Maximum Material Condition (MMC) and a card fabrication tolerance of 0.05 mm is assumed.
Rev. 0.2
27
Si824x
9. Top Marking: 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC
e4
Si824YUV YYWWTTTTTT
Figure 42. 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC Top Marking Table 15. 16-Pin Narrow Body SOIC Top Marking Explanations
Si824 = ISOdriver product series Y = Peak output current 1 = 0.5 A 4 = 4.0 A U = UVLO level B = 8 V; C = 10 V V = Isolation rating B = 2.5 kV Assigned by the Assembly House. Corresponds to the year and workweek of the mold date. Manufacturing Code from Assembly Purchase Order form.
Base Part Number Ordering Options Line 1 Marking: See Ordering Guide for more information.
Line 2 Marking:
YY = Year WW = Workweek TTTTTT = Mfg Code
28
Rev. 0.2
Si824x
DOCUMENT CHANGE LIST
Revision 0.1 to Revision 0.2

Deleted Table 3. Added Tables 3 through 8. Added Figure 4. Updated common-mode transient immunity specification throughout.
Rev. 0.2
29
Si824x
CONTACT INFORMATION
Silicon Laboratories Inc. 400 West Cesar Chavez Austin, TX 78701 Tel: 1+(512) 416-8500 Fax: 1+(512) 416-9669 Toll Free: 1+(877) 444-3032 Please visit the Silicon Labs Technical Support web page: https://www.silabs.com/support/pages/contacttechnicalsupport.aspx and register to submit a technical support request.
The information in this document is believed to be accurate in all respects at the time of publication but is subject to change without notice. Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for errors and omissions, and disclaims responsibility for any consequences resulting from the use of information included herein. Additionally, Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for the functioning of undescribed features or parameters. Silicon Laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice. Silicon Laboratories makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Silicon Laboratories assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. Silicon Laboratories products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use in applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any other application in which the failure of the Silicon Laboratories product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. Should Buyer purchase or use Silicon Laboratories products for any such unintended or unauthorized application, Buyer shall indemnify and hold Silicon Laboratories harmless against all claims and damages. The sale of this product contains no licenses to Power-One's intellectual property. Contact Power-One, Inc. for appropriate licenses. Silicon Laboratories and Silicon Labs are trademarks of Silicon Laboratories Inc. Other products or brandnames mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
30
Rev. 0.2

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